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Related Experiment Videos

Metabolic rate and breathing during sleep.

D P White, J V Weil, C W Zwillich

    Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
    |August 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    During sleep, minute ventilation (VE) decreases but remains closely linked to metabolic rate (VO2 and VCO2) in healthy adults. These relationships are consistent across sleep stages and unaffected by age or gender.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Respiratory Control
    • Sleep Medicine

    Background:

    • Ventilation (VE) and respiratory chemical sensitivity are linked to metabolic rate (VO2, VCO2) when awake.
    • These associations during sleep are poorly understood, with some evidence suggesting they weaken.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between ventilation and metabolic rate during sleep in healthy adults.
    • To determine if sleep stage, age, or gender influence these relationships.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured VE, ventilatory pattern, VO2, and VCO2 in 21 healthy adults (21-77 years) during wakefulness and sleep.
    • Analyzed data across different sleep stages (REM and non-REM) and considered age and gender differences.

    Main Results:

    • Expired ventilation decreased by 8.2% and metabolic rate (VO2, VCO2) by 8.5% and 12.3% respectively during sleep (P<0.01).
    • The ventilation decrease was mainly due to reduced tidal volume, not breathing frequency.
    • Ventilation remained tightly correlated with VO2 and VCO2 throughout all sleep stages, independent of sleep stage, age, or gender. Apnea occurrence did not alter these findings.

    Conclusions:

    • Minute ventilation maintains a strong correlation with metabolic rate during sleep in healthy individuals.
    • This relationship is robust across sleep stages and unaffected by age or gender.
    • Sleep-induced reductions in ventilation and metabolic rate are primarily driven by changes in tidal volume.

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