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Updated: Jun 13, 2025

A Controlled Mouse Model for Neonatal Polymicrobial Sepsis
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Seasonal mouse cadaver microbial study: rupture time and postmortem interval estimation model construction.

Xingchun Zhao1,2, Fengqin Yang3, Fan Yang1,2

  • 1Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, China.

Peerj
|September 17, 2024
PubMed
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Microbial analysis of gravesoil and gut contents can estimate the postmortem interval (PMI). Seasonal models, particularly for gut microbiota in summer, provide accurate PMI estimations, aiding forensic science investigations.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic microbiology
  • Decomposition science

Background:

  • Estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) is crucial in forensic science.
  • Cadaver decomposition involves predictable microbial proliferation patterns.
  • Seasonal variations impact decomposition rates and microbial communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate seasonal postmortem interval (PMI) estimation models using microbiota.
  • To investigate the influence of season on gravesoil and gut microbial communities during decomposition.
  • To identify the timing of cadaveric rupture based on microbial and environmental factors.

Main Methods:

  • Microbiota sequencing and analysis of mouse intestinal contents and gravesoil.
  • Development of a PMI estimation model using the Random Forest algorithm.
Keywords:
MicrobiotaPMI estimationRandom ForestRuptureSeason

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  • Integration of morphological observations and soil physicochemical data.

    • Main Results:

    • Summer gut microbiota model achieved a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.47 ± 0.26 days (R² = 0.991).
    • Winter gravesoil microbiota model achieved an MAE of 1.04 ± 0.22 days (R² = 0.998).
    • Cadaveric rupture occurred around 6–9 days in summer and 24–27 days in winter.

    Conclusions:

    • Seasonal PMI estimation models are advantageous for practical forensic applications.
    • Microbiota analysis offers a robust method for PMI estimation, adaptable to seasonal conditions.
    • This study enhances the foundational knowledge for microbial utilization in forensic investigations.