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Related Concept Videos

Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

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Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
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Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
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Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
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Rasmussen's encephalitis in a pediatric patient with subtle early MRI changes: A case report.

Jeffrey Peeke1, Richard Tang-Wai2, Aaron Robison3

  • 1Loma Linda University Medical Center, School of Medicine, 11175 Campus St, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder. Early diagnosis is crucial and involves correlating subtle MRI findings with clinical and electrographic data.

Keywords:
Epilepsia partialis continuaEpileptic syndromesHemispherectomyHemispheric atrophyRasmussen's Encephalitis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroinflammation

Background:

  • Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE) is a progressive inflammatory neurological condition affecting children.
  • Characterized by focal epilepsy, hemiplegia, cognitive decline, and unilateral brain atrophy.
  • Diagnosis is challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other conditions, making MRI essential.

Observation:

  • A 5-year-old female presented with subtle early cortical and white matter changes on MRI.
  • Clinical presentation, electrographic findings, and neuroimaging were monitored for progression.
  • The case highlights the diagnostic utility of correlating multiple data points.

Findings:

  • Subtle early MRI findings can indicate Rasmussen's encephalitis.
  • Progressive neuroimaging changes are characteristic of the disease.
  • Multimodal diagnostic correlation is key for early and accurate RE diagnosis.

Implications:

  • Early identification of Rasmussen's encephalitis is possible even with subtle initial signs.
  • This case underscores the importance of integrating clinical, electrographic, and advanced imaging data.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies can lead to timely intervention for pediatric neurological disorders.