Malignant transformation of a long-term ulcer in a patient with leprosy sequelae: a case report

Marjolin's ulcer (MU) is a rare condition defined as a malignant skin tumor arising from chronic wounds and inflammation. The most common histological findings in MUs are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) (or spinocellular carcinomas [SPC]), such as basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and malignant melanomas (MM). The aim of this study is to report the case of a patient with sequelae of leprosy who presented malignant transformation in a long-standing ulcer on the right leg, thereby contributing to understanding of the progression and significance of early diagnosis of MU. The MU was diagnosed by incisional biopsy of the lesion and upon obtaining a positive result the patient was referred to an oncology service. Treatment of MU is multidisciplinary and surgical excision is the first therapeutic option. Proper management and surveillance of chronic ulcers by the healthcare team are necessary for early recognition of MU.