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Updated: Jul 15, 2026

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
Published on: October 16, 2021
Totally three-dimensional endoscopic mitral valve replacement in a patient with situs inversus totalis
Taro Kanamori, Shota Yamanaka1, Yohei Onga1
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kawaguchi Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospital, 1-1-51, Maekawa, Kawaguchi, Saitama 333-0842, Japan.
Abstract:
Situs inversus totalis (SIT) with dextrocardia is a rare congenital anomaly that poses a surgical challenge. This case report presents the first known case of a totally 3D endoscopic mitral valve replacement (MVR), which was performed in a 75-year-old woman with SIT and severe functional mitral regurgitation. Despite the anatomical complexity, the procedure was successfully completed using a simplified three-port system and a 3D endoscope by requiring careful preoperative planning and intraoperative adaptation to the mirrored anatomy of SIT. This case report demonstrates the feasibility and potential benefits of totally endoscopic MVR in patients withSIT.
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