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Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
Published on: June 3, 2016
Interaction between adipocytes and macrophages participates in chick subcutaneous adipose tissue angiogenesis under
Yuelang Zhang1, Jingxuan Li1, Shanhe Wang2
1Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China.
Insights
Subcutaneous adipose tissue in chicks plays a key role in energy supply. This study reveals adipocyte-macrophage interactions drive angiogenesis and lipid metabolism, crucial for chick development and welfare.
Area of Science:
- Animal Physiology
- Cell Biology
- Metabolic Research
Background:
- Subcutaneous adipose tissue is a vital energy source for chicks.
- The precise functions of large subcutaneous fat deposits in chicks remain largely unknown.
- Investigating adipocyte-macrophage interactions offers insights into adipose tissue functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the roles of adipocytes and macrophages in chick adipose tissue.
- To investigate their involvement in fibrosis, angiogenesis, and thermogenesis under specific metabolic conditions.
- To understand the cellular heterogeneity of lipid metabolism in chick subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Main Methods:
- Inducing cold stress in chicks to simulate specific metabolic environments.
- Analyzing gene expression related to lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function.
- Utilizing Masson staining to assess vascularization levels.
- Investigating adipocyte-macrophage interactions via the HIF1A-VEGFA pathway.
Main Results:
- Cold stress significantly upregulated genes for lipidolysis, transport, and fatty acid oxidation in chick adipose tissue.
- Mitochondrial uncoupling gene expression showed no significant changes under cold stress.
- Masson staining revealed a marked increase in adipose tissue vascularization in cold-stressed chicks.
- Adipocyte-macrophage interaction was identified as a key factor in adipocyte angiogenesis through the HIF1A-VEGFA pathway.
Conclusions:
- Adipocyte-macrophage interactions are integral to angiogenesis in chick adipose tissue.
- Cellular heterogeneity analysis provides a deeper understanding of lipid metabolism in chicks.
- Findings offer a theoretical foundation for improved chick rearing practices.
Abstract:
Previous studies have shown that subcutaneous adipose tissue is an important energy supply organ for chicks before and after birth, except yolk. So far, the significance of large deposits of subcutaneous adipose tissue in chicks is unclear. Therefore, this study takes the information interaction between adipocytes and macrophages as the starting point to explore whether adipocytes and macrophages could participate in adipose tissue fibrosis, angiogenesis, adaptive thermogenesis and other related functions in a specific metabolic environment. Under cold stress, the expression levels of genes related to lipidolysis, lipid transport and fatty acid oxidation in adipose tissue of chicks were significantly increased, but the expression levels of genes related to mitochondrial uncoupling were not significantly changed. Through Masson staining of adipose tissue of chicks under cold stress, it was found that the level of vascularization in adipose tissue of chicks was significantly increased. We found that the interaction between adipocyte and macrophage could participate in the angiogenesis related process of adipocytes in chicks through the HIF1A-VEGFA pathway. The analysis of lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue of chicks from the perspective of cell heterogeneity will expand the understanding of lipid metabolism in chicks and provide a theoretical basis for chick rearing.
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