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Novel rebreathing adaptation extends dive time in a semi-aquatic lizard
1Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York , Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
Biology Letters
|September 17, 2024
Summary
Vertebrate animals, like the semi-aquatic Anolis aquaticus lizard, can use air bubbles for underwater respiration. This study shows bubble rebreathing extends dive times, offering a new perspective on vertebrate adaptation.
Area of Science:
- Zoology
- Animal Behavior
- Physiology
Background:
- Invertebrates use bubbles for underwater respiration.
- Vertebrates were not known to use bubbles for respiration until now.
- Semi-aquatic Anolis lizards rebreathe air bubbles underwater when threatened.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if bubble rebreathing extends dive times in Anolis aquaticus.
- To determine the functional role of rebreathing in underwater respiration for vertebrates.
Main Methods:
- Commercial emollient applied to inhibit bubble formation in Anolis aquaticus.
- Comparison of dive times between lizards with normal and impaired rebreathing.
- Assessment of gular pumping activity during dives.
Main Results:
- Lizards with normal rebreathing stayed underwater 32% longer than those with impaired rebreathing.
- Bubble rebreathing significantly extends dive duration.
- Gular pumping was unaffected by the emollient treatment.
Conclusions:
- This study provides the first evidence of vertebrates using bubbles for underwater respiration.
- Bubble rebreathing is an adaptive mechanism for extending dive times in Anolis lizards.
- Further research into gular pumping and bio-inspired applications is warranted.
