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Muscle Quality and Physical Function in Men With and Without HIV.

Jing Sun1, Grace L Ditzenberger2, Todd T Brown1,3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|September 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People with HIV (PWH) experience faster physical decline. This study found that aggregated skeletal muscle density and area are linked to better physical function, like gait speed and grip strength, in PWH and people without HIV (PWoH).

Keywords:
Exploratory factor analysisHIVMuscle areaMuscle densityPhysical function

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • HIV/AIDS Research
  • Skeletal Muscle Physiology

Background:

  • People with HIV (PWH) exhibit accelerated physical decline compared to people without HIV (PWoH), even with antiretroviral therapy.
  • Skeletal muscle health is crucial for maintaining physical function and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare skeletal muscle density and area between PWH and PWoH.
  • To investigate the relationship between skeletal muscle characteristics and physical function in both groups.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative computed tomography (CT) scans of the L4-L5 spinal region and thigh were used to assess muscle groups.
  • Exploratory factor analysis summarized aggregated muscle measures.
  • Multivariable linear regression models with generalized estimating equations analyzed longitudinal associations between muscle measures and physical function (gait speed, grip strength).

Main Results:

  • Two factors emerged: Factor 1 represented muscle density (32.5% variance), and Factor 2 represented muscle area (23.4% variance).
  • Higher aggregated muscle density was significantly associated with increased gait speed (0.028 m/s per unit increase).
  • Both aggregated muscle density (1.88 kg increase) and area (1.60 kg increase) were associated with increased grip strength.

Conclusions:

  • Aggregated skeletal muscle density and area measurements are significantly associated with physical function in both PWH and PWoH.
  • These findings highlight the importance of interventions targeting skeletal muscle health for promoting healthy aging in individuals living with or without HIV.