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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

551
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
551

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Reward system neurodynamics during menstrual pain modulated by COMT Val158Met polymorphisms.

Pei-Shan Hsu1,2,3, Ching-Hsiung Liu2,4, Ching-Ju Yang1,2,5,6

  • 1Institute of Brain Science, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
|September 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The COMT Val158Met polymorphism influences brain reward system activity during menstrual pain. Met carriers show distinct functional connectivity patterns, impacting pain modulation.

Keywords:
COMT Val158Met polymorphismamplitude of low-frequency fluctuationfunctional connectivityfunctional magnetic resonance imagingprimary dysmenorrheareward system

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) involves cyclic pain potentially modulated by the brain's reward system (RS).
  • The Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism affects dopamine activity and pain regulation.
  • Understanding COMT's role in PDM pain modulation is crucial for personalized pain management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neurodynamic modulation within the reward system (RS) associated with COMT Val158Met polymorphisms during menstrual pain in PDM subjects.
  • To explore genotype-specific differences in brain activity and functional connectivity related to pain perception.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fMRI was performed on 91 PDM subjects during menstruation.
  • Subjects were genotyped for COMT Val158Met polymorphisms.
  • Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) analyses were conducted, alongside psychological assessments.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in pain or psychological scores were found between Val/Val homozygotes and Met carriers, except Met carriers had lower pain catastrophizing scores.
  • Distinct FC patterns were observed between groups, particularly involving the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) with other brain regions.
  • Met carriers showed significant correlations between NAc/VTA ALFF and FC values and pain metrics, with differing positive and negative correlations.

Conclusions:

  • The COMT Val158Met polymorphism induces genotype-specific functional changes in the brain's reward system during menstrual pain.
  • In Met carriers, altered RS engagement may relate to motivational reward-seeking and top-down pain modulation.
  • This polymorphism significantly contributes to individual differences in pain regulation mechanisms.