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The plasma miRNAome in ADNI: Signatures to aid the detection of at-risk individuals
Dennis M Krüger1,2, Tonatiuh Pena-Centeno1,2, Shiwei Liu3
1Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.
Introduction:
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that control proteostasis at the systems level and are emerging as potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Methods:
We performed small RNA sequencing on plasma samples from 847 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants.
Results:
We identified microRNA signatures that correlate with AD diagnoses and help predict the conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD.
Discussion:
Our data demonstrate that plasma microRNA signatures can be used to not only diagnose MCI, but also, critically, predict the conversion from MCI to AD. Moreover, combined with neuropsychological testing, plasma microRNAome evaluation helps predict MCI to AD conversion. These findings are of considerable public interest because they provide a path toward reducing indiscriminate utilization of costly and invasive testing by defining the at-risk segment of the aging population.
Highlights:
We provide the first analysis of the plasma microRNAome for the ADNI study. The levels of several microRNAs can be used as biomarkers for the prediction of conversion from MCI to AD. Adding the evaluation of plasma microRNA levels to neuropsychological testing in a clinical setting increases the accuracy of MCI to AD conversion prediction.
Insights
Plasma microRNA signatures show promise as biomarkers for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and predicting the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
- Neuroscience
Background:
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression.
- miRNAs are implicated in maintaining proteostasis.
- miRNAs are emerging as potential biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate plasma microRNA signatures as biomarkers for AD.
- To assess the predictive value of miRNAs for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD conversion.
Main Methods:
- Small RNA sequencing was performed on plasma samples.
- The study included 847 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).
Main Results:
- Identified specific microRNA signatures correlating with AD diagnosis.
- These signatures demonstrated predictive capability for MCI to AD conversion.
Conclusions:
- Plasma microRNA signatures can aid in diagnosing MCI and predicting its progression to AD.
- Combining miRNA analysis with neuropsychological testing enhances prediction accuracy for MCI to AD conversion.
- These findings may reduce unnecessary costly and invasive testing by identifying at-risk individuals.
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