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Characterization and functional analysis of chicken promyelocytic leukemia protein

Shengnan Wang1, Jingwen Li1, Tiantian Miao1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China 225009; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China 225009; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China 225009.

Poultry Science
|September 18, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Chicken promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein, also known as TRIM19, plays a role in innate immunity. This study characterizes chPML, revealing its function in up-regulating immune factors like IFN-β and antigen presentation molecules.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mammalian promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein (TRIM19) forms PML nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) and regulates key cellular pathways.
  • PML-NBs are dynamic protein complexes involved in apoptosis, immunity, cell cycle, and DNA damage response.
  • The function of chicken PML (chPML) in cellular processes and immunity remains largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clone and characterize the chicken PML (chPML) gene.
  • To investigate the functional roles of chPML in chicken cells, particularly in innate immunity and antigen presentation.
  • To explore the relationship between chPML and chicken interferon-beta (chIFN-β).

Main Methods:

  • Gene cloning and expression analysis in different chicken cell lines (DF-1, LMH, HD11).
  • Subcellular localization studies.
  • Identification of SUMOylation site (K463) and SUMO interaction motif (SIM) (240RARRG244) in chPML.
  • Quantitative PCR (qPCR) to assess gene expression changes.

Main Results:

  • chPML is widely expressed in chicken tissues and exhibits differential subcellular localization.
  • chPML undergoes SUMOylation, with K463 identified as a critical site and 240RARRG244 as a SIM.
  • chPML up-regulates the expression of chicken IFN-β, downstream interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and antigen presentation factors (CIITA, DMB2).
  • Overexpression of chIFN-β enhances endogenous chPML expression.

Conclusions:

  • Chicken PML (chPML) is a functional protein involved in regulating innate immune responses and antigen presentation.
  • chPML's SUMOylation and SIM are critical for its function.
  • A positive feedback loop exists between chPML and chIFN-β, highlighting their interplay in antiviral defense.
  • These findings provide new insights into chPML's role in biological processes and anti-infection mechanisms.
Keywords:
IFN-βMHC IISUMOylationchicken PMLdistribution

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