Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Neuron Structure

Neuron Structure

Neurons are the main type of cell in the nervous system that generate and transmit electrochemical signals. They primarily communicate with each other using neurotransmitters at specific junctions called synapses. Neurons come in many shapes that often relate to their function, but most share three main structures: an axon and dendrites that extend out from a cell body.
Structure and Function of Neurons
The neuronal cell body—the soma— houses the nucleus and organelles vital to...

Nervous Tissue: Neuron Types

Nervous Tissue: Neuron Types

Neurons, the fundamental units of the nervous system, can be classified based on both their structural and functional characteristics.
Structurally, neurons are categorized into three main types: multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar (or pseudounipolar). Multipolar neurons, which are the most common type in the brain and spinal cord, as well as all motor neurons, possess multiple dendrites and a single axon.
Bipolar neurons, on the other hand, have one primary dendrite and one axon. They are...

Neurulation

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Movement is a Sensory Phenomenon.

Hand clinics·2026

Same author

Algorithm for Surgical Management of Symptomatic Hand and Digital Neuromas.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open·2026

Same author

Pilot Study: DermiSphere: A Novel Hydrogel with Collagen Microspheres Dermal Regeneration Template.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open·2026

Same author

Towards autonomous medical artificial intelligence agents.

Nature·2026

Same author

Corneal Innervation Research at a Crossroads: A Tool-Driven Roadmap for the Future.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026

Same author

Building a behavioral health crisis response program: a qualitative implementation case study.

Health affairs scholar·2026

Same journal

Cytokine Profiles in Myasthenia Gravis Subgroups and the Lack of Any Effect of Immunosuppression.

Muscle & nerve·2026

Same journal

Fatigue in Myasthenia Gravis: Recent Advances and Emerging Concepts.

Muscle & nerve·2026

Same journal

Presynaptic Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes.

Muscle & nerve·2026

Same journal

AGRN-, LRP4-, MUSK-Related CMS: Clinical, Neurophysiological, Morphological, Genetic and Pathological Mechanisms.

Muscle & nerve·2026

Same journal

The Differing Phenotypes of the Three Most Common Postsynaptic Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes Governed by Their Underlying Molecular Pathogenic Mechanisms.

Muscle & nerve·2026

Same journal

IgG Subclass (IgG1-4) and IgA Autoantibody Profiles Against Muscle-Specific Kinase in a Greek Cohort.

Muscle & nerve·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors

Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors

Published on: May 17, 2024

Neuroma morphology: A macroscopic classification system.

Floris V Raasveld^1,2,3, Daniel T Weigel¹, Wen-Chih Liu^1,4

¹Hand and Arm Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

|September 19, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new classification system for neuromas shows that atypical neuroma shapes are linked to increased pain and are more common in patients with diabetes and peripheral vascular disease.

Keywords:

amputation biology extremity morphology neuroma

More Related Videos

Examining the Effect of Pesticides on Caenorhabditis elegans Neurons

Examining the Effect of Pesticides on Caenorhabditis elegans Neurons

Published on: May 27, 2022

Two Algorithms for High-throughput and Multi-parametric Quantification of Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction Morphology

Two Algorithms for High-throughput and Multi-parametric Quantification of Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction Morphology

Published on: May 3, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors

Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors

Published on: May 17, 2024

Examining the Effect of Pesticides on Caenorhabditis elegans Neurons

Examining the Effect of Pesticides on Caenorhabditis elegans Neurons

Published on: May 27, 2022

Two Algorithms for High-throughput and Multi-parametric Quantification of Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction Morphology

Two Algorithms for High-throughput and Multi-parametric Quantification of Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction Morphology

Published on: May 3, 2017

Area of Science:

Surgical Pathology
Pain Medicine
Clinical Anatomy

Background:

Neuromas, nerve tumors, vary in size and shape.
The relationship between neuroma morphology and patient symptoms is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate macroscopic traits of excised human neuromas.
To assess a novel morphological classification system for neuromas.
To explore potential clinical implications of neuroma morphology.

Main Methods:

Collected 45 terminal neuroma specimens from 27 patients undergoing surgery.
Obtained intraoperative images and prospectively collected pain data.
Developed and assessed inter-rater reliability (IRR) of a three-group morphological classification (bulbous, fusiform, atypical).

Main Results:

The classification system demonstrated strong IRR (Cohen's kappa = 0.8).
Atypical neuromas were associated with higher preoperative pain scores compared to bulbous and fusiform types.
Atypical morphology was more frequent in patients with diabetes and peripheral vascular disease.

Conclusions:

A validated morphological classification for neuromas has been established.
This classification may aid in understanding symptomatic neuroma development and clinical outcomes.
Further research is needed to explore the link between neuroma morphology and the vascular/metabolic environment.