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Insight into ion dynamics in a NaClO4-doped polycaprolactone solid polymer electrolyte for solid state batteries.

Supriya K Shetty1, Ismayil1, Pradeep Nayak1

  • 1Department of Physics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India. ismayil.mit@manipal.edu.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|September 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study explores polycaprolactone (PCL) electrolytes for sodium-ion batteries, achieving moderate ionic conductivity. The PCL-NaClO4 system shows good stability and potential for electrochemical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Low glass transition temperature (Tg) polymers face limitations in ionic conductivity at ambient temperatures due to restricted chain dynamics.
  • Crosslinking in polymers can stiffen chains and create ordered structures, impacting ionic transport.
  • Developing solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is crucial for safer and more efficient energy storage devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ionic conductivity and electrochemical properties of polycaprolactone (PCL) based solid polymer electrolytes.
  • To evaluate the performance of PCL-PCL-NaClO4 electrolytes in sodium-ion cells with different cathode materials.
  • To understand the relationship between polymer structure, ion transport mechanisms, and electrochemical performance.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL-NaClO4 composite electrolytes.
  • Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to measure ionic conductivity.
  • Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) tests to evaluate cell performance.
  • Analysis of ion transport mechanisms, including quantum mechanical tunneling.

Main Results:

  • An ionic conductivity of 1.02 × 10^-5 S cm^-1 was achieved, attributed to a quantum mechanical tunneling ion transport mode.
  • A sodium-ion transference number of 0.31 was obtained for 30 wt% NaClO4 in PCL at 25 °C.
  • The electrolyte demonstrated an electrochemical stability window of 3.6 V and exhibited good thermal and mechanical properties.
  • The PCL-NaClO4 electrolyte showed varying discharge characteristics when paired with MnO2, V2O5, and I2 cathode materials.

Conclusions:

  • The PCL-NaClO4 system presents a promising solid polymer electrolyte with acceptable ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability for sodium-ion batteries.
  • High crystallinity and limited free ion availability in the electrolyte contribute to lower ionic conductivity.
  • Further optimization of electrolyte composition and electrode materials is needed to enhance overall battery performance.