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Related Concept Videos

Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

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Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors01:58

Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors

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The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
Transcription of prokaryotic...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Updated: Jun 12, 2025

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Host long noncoding RNAs in bacterial infections.

Yong Cheng1,2, Yurong Liang2,3, Xuejuan Tan1,2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.

Frontiers in Immunology
|September 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial regulators in bacterial infections, influencing both host defense and pathogen survival. Understanding these host lncRNAs offers potential for new clinical strategies against bacterial diseases.

Keywords:
bacterial infectionshost cellshost-pathogen interactionsimmunitylong noncoding RNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Bacterial infections pose a significant global health challenge.
  • Host-pathogen interactions are key to infectious disease outcomes.
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are emerging regulators of these interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of host lncRNAs in bacterial infections.
  • To elucidate how lncRNAs modulate host-pathogen interactions.
  • To highlight the dual functions of lncRNAs in host defense and bacterial pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on host lncRNAs and bacterial infections.
  • Analysis of lncRNA regulatory mechanisms in gene expression, cellular processes, and immune responses.
  • Synthesis of findings on lncRNAs' impact on bacterial invasion, replication, and dissemination.

Main Results:

  • Host lncRNAs act as a defense mechanism against bacterial pathogens.
  • Certain host lncRNAs can promote bacterial survival, replication, and reservoir formation.
  • lncRNAs exhibit diverse regulatory roles in cytokine and chemokine production.

Conclusions:

  • Host lncRNAs play a complex, dual role in bacterial infections.
  • Further research into host lncRNAs is essential for understanding infectious diseases.
  • Harnessing lncRNA regulatory potential could lead to novel clinical applications for treating bacterial infections.