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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

170
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
451
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  11. Modulation Of Amyloid And Tau Aggregation To Alleviate Cognitive Impairment In A Transgenic Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease

Modulation of Amyloid and Tau Aggregation to Alleviate Cognitive Impairment in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

Sohui Park1, Jisu Shin1, Kyeonghwan Kim1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.

ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science
|September 19, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new drug candidate, DN5355, effectively targets both amyloid-beta plaques and tau tangles, key hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. This dual-action molecule improved cognitive function in a mouse model, showing promise for Alzheimer's treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology involves amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles.
  • These protein aggregates are primary targets for AD drug development.
  • Current therapeutic strategies often focus on single targets, necessitating dual-acting agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a novel small molecule, DN5355, with dual-targeting capabilities against Aβ and tau aggregates.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of DN5355 in reducing Aβ plaques and tau tangles in an AD mouse model.
  • To assess the impact of DN5355 on cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput screening of 52 chemicals using thioflavin T assay to identify inhibitors and reverse agents for Aβ and tau aggregation.

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  • Oral administration of DN5355 to 5XFAD transgenic mice, an established model for Alzheimer's disease.
  • Assessment of Aβ plaque and tau tangle load in the brain, and evaluation of cognitive function using Y-maze and contextual fear conditioning tests.

    • Main Results:

    • DN5355 demonstrated significant inhibition and reversal of both Aβ and tau aggregation in vitro.
    • Oral administration of DN5355 markedly reduced cerebral Aβ plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles in 5XFAD mice.
    • Treated 5XFAD mice exhibited notable amelioration of cognitive deficits in behavioral tests.

    Conclusions:

    • DN5355 is a promising dual-targeting small molecule drug candidate for Alzheimer's disease.
    • The compound effectively reduces key pathological hallmarks (Aβ plaques, tau tangles) and improves cognitive function in an AD mouse model.
    • DN5355 warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease.