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Discovering the hidden function in fungal genomes.
Nicholas C Gervais1, Rebecca S Shapiro2
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Nature Communications
|September 19, 2024
Summary
This review explores the fungal
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
- Mycology
Background:
- The canonical proteome represents only a fraction of the genome.
- Emerging molecular technologies reveal novel genomic elements.
- The fungal kingdom harbors a largely unexplored 'hidden genome'.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge of the fungal hidden genome.
- To highlight key elements and their functions in fungi.
- To discuss future technological advancements for fungal genomics.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on fungal hidden genomes.
- Analysis of data from model fungal systems.
- Comparative genomics across diverse fungal species.
Main Results:
- The fungal hidden genome includes microproteins, short ORFs, non-coding RNAs, and repetitive DNA.
- These elements play crucial roles in fungal metabolism, stress response, and pathogenesis.
- Diverse fungal species exhibit unique hidden genome compositions and functions.
Conclusions:
- The fungal hidden genome is a critical, yet understudied, component of fungal biology.
- Understanding the hidden genome is essential for deciphering fungal adaptation and virulence.
- Further technological development is needed to fully characterize the fungal hidden genome.
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