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Related Experiment Videos

Interferon-gamma induces HLA-DR expression by thyroid epithelium.

I Todd, R Pujol-Borrell, L J Hammond

    Clinical and Experimental Immunology
    |August 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induces HLA-DR expression on human thyroid cells, a key factor in thyroid autoimmunity. This finding implicates T cells in the development of autoimmune thyroid disease.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Endocrinology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Thyroid epithelial cells normally do not express HLA-DR molecules.
    • Aberrant HLA-DR expression on thyroid cells is observed in autoimmune thyroid conditions.
    • Previous studies showed plant lectins can induce HLA-DR on thyroid cells.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of cytokines in HLA-DR expression on human thyroid cells.
    • To identify specific cytokines that can induce HLA-DR on normal thyroid cells.
    • To explore the link between T cells, IFN-gamma, and thyroid autoimmunity.

    Main Methods:

    • Culture of human thyroid cells.
    • Treatment with recombinant human interferons (IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha, IFN-beta) and interleukin-2 (IL-2).

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  • Analysis of HLA-DR and HLA-A,B,C molecule expression on thyroid cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induced HLA-DR expression on cultured human thyroid cells.
    • IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IL-2 did not induce HLA-DR expression.
    • All three interferons, but not IL-2, enhanced HLA-A,B,C expression on thyroid cells.

    Conclusions:

    • IFN-gamma is a potent inducer of HLA-DR on human thyroid epithelial cells.
    • The findings suggest T cells, via IFN-gamma production, play a significant role in the aberrant HLA-DR expression seen in thyroid autoimmunity.
    • Aberrant HLA-DR induction is implicated as a central mechanism in the immunopathology of autoimmune thyroid diseases.