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Updated: Jun 12, 2025
08:40
Standard Test Method ASTM D 7998-19 for the Cohesive Strength Development of Wood Adhesives
Published on: May 17, 2020
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Recent Advances in Bio-Based Adhesives and Formaldehyde-Free Technologies for Wood-Based Panel Manufacturing
Ingrid Calvez1, Rosilei Garcia1, Ahmed Koubaa2
1Department of Wood and Forest Sciences, Renewable Materials Research Centre (CRMR), Faculty of Forestry, Geography, and Geomatics, Université Laval, 2425 Rue de La Terrasse, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada.
Current Forestry Reports
|September 20, 2024
Summary
This review explores bio-based adhesives from industrial by-products as eco-friendly alternatives to formaldehyde-based glues for wood panels. It covers material sources, modifications, and emerging formaldehyde-free solutions for sustainable composite manufacturing.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Green Chemistry
- Wood Composites
Background:
- Conventional formaldehyde-based adhesives raise environmental and health concerns due to formaldehyde emissions.
- The wood adhesive industry is shifting towards sustainable, bio-based alternatives.
- Circularity principles drive the use of industrial coproducts and by-products for innovative adhesive solutions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review bio-based material sources from industrial by-products for wood adhesives.
- To discuss modification methods for enhancing bio-adhesive performance in wood-based panels.
- To explore alternatives for low-emission or formaldehyde-free adhesives and their environmental impact.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of industrial coproducts and by-products for bio-adhesive development.
- Analysis of modification strategies for improving bio-based adhesive properties.
- Evaluation of formaldehyde-free adhesive alternatives, including hardeners, bio-scavengers, and binderless panels.
- Comparative assessment of the environmental impact of bio-based versus synthetic adhesives.
Main Results:
- Various bio-based compounds (saccharides, proteins, tannins, lignocellulosic biomass) can be utilized for eco-friendly adhesives.
- Modification techniques are crucial for optimizing the performance of bio-based adhesives in wood-based panels.
- Emerging alternatives like binderless panels and new hardeners/crosslinkers offer pathways to significantly reduce or eliminate formaldehyde emissions.
- Bio-based adhesives present a promising, environmentally conscious alternative to traditional synthetic adhesives.
Conclusions:
- Industrial by-products offer a sustainable and renewable resource for developing advanced bio-based wood adhesives.
- Further research into modification methods and formaldehyde-free alternatives is essential for widespread adoption.
- The transition to bio-based adhesives contributes to a circular economy and reduces the environmental footprint of wood composite production.
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