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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2025

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
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Thyroid dysfunction and sarcopenia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Jiaxin Wei1, Shuanglong Hou1, Peng Hei1

  • 1Department of Sport Rehabilitation, School of Graduate, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|September 20, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid dysfunction, including hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, increases the risk of sarcopenia. This study used Mendelian randomization to confirm a causal link between thyroid conditions and reduced muscle mass and strength.

Keywords:
Mendelian randomizationappendicular lean masshyperthyroidismhypothyroidismlow hand grip strengthsarcopeniawalking pace

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Geriatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Observational studies suggest a link between thyroid dysfunction and sarcopenia.
  • The causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction and sarcopenia remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction and sarcopenia using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pooled data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of thyroid dysfunction and sarcopenia indicators (grip strength, appendicular lean mass, walking pace) in European ancestry individuals.
  • Employed inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis, with weighted median and MR-Egger as sensitivity analyses.
  • Performed heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and Leave-one-out analyses to ensure result robustness.

Main Results:

  • Hyperthyroidism was associated with decreased appendicular lean mass (ALM).
  • Hypothyroidism was linked to reduced grip strength and walking pace.
  • Subclinical hyperthyroidism showed a significant association with a reduced walking pace.

Conclusions:

  • This MR study provides evidence for a causal role of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism in increasing sarcopenia risk.
  • Thyroid dysfunction is a significant risk factor for developing sarcopenia.