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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Bioderived Thiol-Ene Emulsion Polymerization for Hybrid Latex Particles.

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Bioderived monomers were used to create poly(thioether) particles via emulsion polymerization. These particles were then used to form core-shell structures with tunable properties, offering sustainable polymer materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Bioderived compounds offer sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based feedstocks in polymer synthesis.
  • Thiol-ene click chemistry provides efficient routes for polymer network formation.
  • Emulsion polymerization is a versatile technique for producing polymer nanoparticles and latexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel bioderived monomers from levoglucosan (LGA), levogucosenone (LGO), and isosorbide.
  • To investigate the thiol-ene emulsion polymerization of these monomers for poly(thioether) particle formation.
  • To prepare and characterize core-shell polymer latexes using these bioderived particles.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of bioderived compounds (LGA, LGO, isosorbide) with 4-pentenoic acid.
  • Ab initio emulsion polymerization using a dithiol and potassium persulfate initiator.
  • Seeded emulsion polymerization of styrene or methyl methacrylate onto bioderived seed particles.
  • Characterization using electron microscopy and theoretical modeling of particle morphology.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of polymerizable monomers from bioderived sources.
  • Poly(thioether) particles were formed, with particle size influenced by monomer structure.
  • Core-shell latex particles with distinct high-Tg core and low-Tg bioderived shell were successfully prepared.
  • Experimental results aligned with theoretical predictions of core-shell morphology.

Conclusions:

  • Bioderived monomers can be effectively polymerized via thiol-ene emulsion polymerization.
  • The developed method allows for the creation of core-shell polymer latexes with tunable properties.
  • This approach offers a pathway towards sustainable and functional polymer materials.