Lotus Sprout Extract Induces Selective Melanosomal Autophagy and Reduces Pigmentation

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Molecular Biology
• Cosmetic Science

Background:

• Hyperpigmentation disorders result from excess melanin production.
• Current treatments for hyperpigmentation have limitations.
• Lotus sprout extract (LSE) shows potential as a skin-brightening agent, but its active compounds and mechanisms are unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effects of LSE, neferine, and liensinine on melanin accumulation.
• To elucidate the mechanism by which LSE reduces skin pigmentation.

Main Methods:

• Melanin accumulation was assessed in human melanoma cells and skin equivalents.
• Gene expression, biochemical assays, and western blotting were used to evaluate pathway regulation.
• Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to monitor melanosome ultrastructure.

Main Results:

• Neferine and liensinine reduced melanin accumulation by increasing autophagic flux and melanin degradation, not by inhibiting melanogenesis.
• LSE also reduced melanin accumulation and activated autophagy in melanocytes and skin tissue.
• LSE treatment induced autophagosomes containing melanosomes and disrupted melanosome maturation.

Conclusions:

• LSE, neferine, and liensinine reduce pigmentation via a novel mechanism involving autophagy and melanosome degradation.
• These findings suggest LSE and its bioactive compounds are promising candidates for treating hyperpigmentation.