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Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
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Factors Associated With Persisting Olfactory Dysfunction After COVID-19.

Bernhard Prem1, David T Liu1, Katharina Boehme1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

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|September 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older age and parosmia are linked to persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD) in COVID-19 survivors. Younger patients and those without parosmia showed better smell recovery, highlighting key factors in long-term COVID-19-related smell loss.

Keywords:
COVID‐19long‐COVIDolfactionparosmiasmell

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • A significant percentage of COVID-19 patients experience persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD) for over a year.
  • Factors contributing to prolonged OD remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with persistent olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients.
  • To distinguish between favorable and unfavorable markers for long-term smell loss after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study involving 66 COVID-19 patients with OD lasting over six months.
  • Comprehensive psychophysical chemosensory tests (Sniffin' Sticks - TDI) and questionnaires administered twice.
  • Linear regression analysis used to correlate olfactory recovery rates with demographic factors and questionnaire data.

Main Results:

  • Patients under 40 years old demonstrated significantly better olfactory improvement and higher TDI scores.
  • Parosmia was strongly associated with worse overall smell function and identification abilities.
  • Increasing parosmia severity over time correlated with diminished olfactory function.

Conclusions:

  • Older age is an unfavorable factor for olfactory recovery in COVID-19 patients.
  • Parosmia is a significant indicator of persistent olfactory dysfunction following COVID-19.