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Transfer dynamics of antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative bacteria

Bangjuan Wang1, Muhammad Haris Raza Farhan1, Linlin Yuan2

  • 1National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

The Science of the Total Environment
|September 21, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Mobile genetic elements like plasmids and phages drive the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in gram-negative bacteria (GNBs). Understanding these transfer mechanisms is crucial for combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in gram-negative bacteria (GNBs) is a critical global health issue.
  • Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) significantly contribute to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of ARG transfer within and between GNB species mediated by MGEs.
  • To explore factors influencing ARG transfer, including environmental impacts and host evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on plasmids, phages, and bacterial resistance evolution.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms, fitness costs, and compensatory evolution related to MGEs.

Main Results:

  • MGEs, particularly plasmids and phages, are key facilitators of ARG dissemination among GNBs.
  • Environmental factors and non-antibiotic chemicals influence ARG transfer rates.
  • Fitness costs and compensatory evolution impact ARG transfer frequency and host adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Holistic One-Health strategies are essential to combat AMR driven by ARG transfer in GNBs.
  • Further research into MGE-mediated ARG transfer is vital for effective AMR control.
Keywords:
Bacterial evolutionFitness costsGram-negative bacteriaMobile genetic elementsNon-antibiotic factors

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