Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 12, 2025
07:24
Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos
Published on: December 13, 2018
6.4K
Roles of noncoding RNAs in multiple myeloma
Ming Lei1, Juan Liang2, Kaiyun Guo1
1Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University(The First People's Hospital of Changde City), China.
Leukemia Research
|September 22, 2024
Summary
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate gene expression and cellular functions. This review explores ncRNA roles in multiple myeloma (MM) and their therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Oncology
Background:
- Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial for gene regulation, cellular homeostasis, and signaling.
- ncRNAs include microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs).
- Dysregulated ncRNA expression is implicated in various cancers, including hematologic malignancies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the biological functions of ncRNAs in multiple myeloma (MM).
- To explore the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets for MM.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of ncRNA functions in MM.
- Analysis of ncRNA roles in gene expression, cellular processes, and disease progression.
Main Results:
- miRNAs are key regulators in hematologic malignancies.
- lncRNAs are involved in carcinogenesis and tumor suppression.
- tRNAs can disrupt protein synthesis and cellular function.
- circRNAs modulate gene expression in tumors.
- siRNAs inhibit tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and induce apoptosis.
Conclusions:
- ncRNAs play diverse and significant roles in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma.
- Targeting ncRNAs offers promising therapeutic strategies for MM treatment.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.5K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.5K
01:22MicroRNAs
3.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.0K
01:20Types of RNA
5.7K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.7K
01:32RNA Splicing
56.2K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
56.2K
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
22.5K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.5K
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
875
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
875