Caloric Restriction Diet Attenuates Systemic Bone Fragility after Radiotherapy
Jessica A Stering1, Amy E Biggs1, Tara E Carney1
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
Radiation Research
|September 22, 2024
Summary
Caloric restriction (CR) may prevent bone fragility after radiotherapy (RTx). CR mice showed improved bone strength and mass but also reduced body mass and cortical bone compared to regular diet mice.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Sciences
- Radiotherapy Research
- Bone Biology
Background:
- Radiotherapy (RTx) causes long-term bone fragility with no current preventative treatments.
- Understanding mechanisms of RTx-induced bone loss is crucial for developing interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential of caloric restriction (CR) as a preventative strategy for bone loss and fragility following radiotherapy.
- To evaluate the effects of CR on bone morphology, strength, and systemic markers in a mouse model.
Main Methods:
- Female Balb/c mice received 4 daily doses of 5 Gy to the hindlimb.
- Caloric restriction (30% reduction) was applied one week before RTx (RTx/CR) or maintained on a regular diet (RTx/RD).
- Micro-computed tomography (μCT), 3-point bending tests, histology, and serum biomarker analysis were performed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-RTx.
Main Results:
- RTx/RD mice exhibited decreased femur strength and bone quantity in both irradiated and contralateral limbs.
- RTx/CR mice demonstrated improved strength relative to body mass, increased trabecular bone mass, and reduced marrow adiposity compared to RTx/RD.
- Adverse effects in RTx/CR mice included decreased body mass and reduced cortical bone thickness.
Conclusions:
- Caloric restriction shows promise in mitigating some negative effects of radiotherapy on bone, such as fragility and bone loss.
- Further research is needed to optimize CR duration, assess effects on normal tissues, and elucidate the mechanism of action for clinical application.
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