Neuroprotective effect and preparation methods of berberine

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology and Neuroscience
• Natural Products Chemistry
• Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

• Berberine (BBR), a natural alkaloid, has historical medicinal significance.
• Limited *in vivo* bioavailability hinders BBR's therapeutic efficacy.
• Existing literature primarily focuses on BBR's role in neurodegenerative diseases, overlooking broader neurological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review Berberine's protective effects on the nervous system.
• To explore novel preparation methods and dosage forms to improve BBR bioavailability.
• To comprehensively elucidate BBR's mechanisms of action in neurological protection.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on BBR preparation, bioavailability, and neuroprotective mechanisms.
• Analysis of studies detailing BBR's effects on oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis.
• Inclusion of mechanisms such as autophagy regulation and angiogenesis promotion.

Main Results:

• Various BBR dosage forms and preparation strategies are presented to enhance bioavailability.
• BBR demonstrates neuroprotection through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.
• Novel mechanisms including bidirectional autophagy regulation and promotion of angiogenesis are identified.

Conclusions:

• Berberine exhibits significant therapeutic potential for a wide range of neurological conditions, including multiple sclerosis, gliomas, and epilepsy.
• Addressing BBR's bioavailability is crucial for maximizing its neuroprotective benefits.
• Further research is warranted to fully harness BBR's potential in nervous system protection and treatment.