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Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
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  11. Occurrence, Distribution And Risk Assessment Of Phthalate Esters In Dust Deposited In The Outdoor Environment Of Yazd Industrial Park Using Monte Carlo Simulation.

Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of phthalate esters in dust deposited in the outdoor environment of Yazd industrial park using Monte Carlo simulation.

Mohammad Hasan Ehrampush1, Ehsan Abouee1, Hossein Arfaeinia2

  • 1Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

Heliyon
|September 23, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) in outdoor dust from Yazd Industrial Park were analyzed. Health risk assessments showed non-carcinogenic risks were acceptable, and carcinogenic risks from PAEs were low for the occupational population.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Occupational Health
  • Risk Assessment

Background:

  • Phthalate esters (PAEs) are common environmental contaminants.
  • Outdoor dust in industrial areas can accumulate PAEs, posing potential health risks.
  • Understanding PAE distribution and associated risks is crucial for public health in industrial zones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the distribution of eight PAEs in outdoor dust samples from Yazd Industrial Park.
  • To assess the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks associated with PAE exposure for the occupational population.
  • To identify key exposure pathways and influential parameters for risk assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Sampling of outdoor dust across fifteen stations in Yazd Industrial Park.
  • Analysis of eight PAEs using Gas-mass chromatography (GC-MS/MS).
Keywords:
Health risk assessmentIndustrial parkMonte Carlo simulationOutdoor dust

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  • Probabilistic and deterministic approaches for health risk assessment (inhalation, ingestion, dermal).

    • Main Results:

    • Highest PAE concentration observed at station S8 (BEHP: 326.21 ± 4.35 μg/g), lowest at S6 (DMP: 0.00 ± 0.02 μg/g).
    • Total Hazard Index (HI) values were below 1, indicating acceptable non-carcinogenic risk.
    • Cancer Risk (CR) values for BBP were low (10⁻¹⁵ to 10⁻¹¹), with ingestion posing the highest risk.

    Conclusions:

    • PAE levels in Yazd Industrial Park's outdoor dust present low non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to the occupational population.
    • Ingestion is the dominant exposure pathway for carcinogenic risk.
    • Findings support targeted strategies for PAE exposure control and health management in industrial environments.
    Phthalate esters
    Yazd