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Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Stable

Sunil Kumar1, Deepak Juyal2, Arun Pandey3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India.

International Journal of Applied & Basic Medical Research
|September 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations in the NOS3 gene, specifically the 894G/T polymorphism, are linked to coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. Lower nitric oxide (NO) levels are also associated with CAD in the North Indian population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Molecular Cardiology
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD), including acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and chronic stable angina (CSA), has known risk factors, with genetic predispositions playing a significant role.
  • The nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) gene, crucial for nitric oxide (NO) production, is important in regulating atherosclerosis and preventing CAD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association of three NOS3 gene polymorphisms (-786C/T, 894G/T, and 4a4b) with CAD, specifically AMI and CSA.
  • To compare the prevalence of these polymorphisms and plasma nitric oxide metabolite (NOx) levels between CAD patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of 100 AMI patients, 100 CSA patients, and 100 healthy controls for NOS3 polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  • Measurement of plasma NOx levels in all study participants.

Main Results:

  • A significant association was found between the 894G/T NOS3 polymorphism and AMI (dominant model, P=0.052) and CSA (dominant and codominant models, P=0.008, P=0.006).
  • Plasma NOx levels were significantly lower in both AMI (37.05 ± 6.75) and CSA (38.67 ± 5.61) patients compared to healthy controls (43.80 ± 6.28).
  • No significant association was detected for the -786C/T and 4a4b NOS3 polymorphisms with AMI or CSA risk.

Conclusions:

  • The 894G/T NOS3 polymorphism is significantly associated with AMI and CSA in the North Indian population.
  • Plasma NOx levels are independently associated with CAD, highlighting their role in disease development.
  • These findings contribute to identifying genetic risk factors for CAD and improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Atherosclerosiscoronary artery diseaseheart attacknitric oxidepolymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphismvariable number of tandem repeats

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