Survival Analysis, Clinical Characteristics, and Predictors of Cerebral Metastases in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Brain metastasis (BM) is rare in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) but significantly worsens survival. Older age and certain racial/ethnic groups are linked to higher BM risk, necessitating targeted screening and treatment strategies for improved outcomes.
Area Of Science
- Oncology
- Medical Research
- Cancer Metastasis
Background
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global health concern, with liver metastasis being common but brain metastasis (BM) rare (0.1%-14%).
- Limited guidelines exist for BM screening and treatment due to its rarity.
- Known risk factors for BM include lung metastasis, rectal cancer, and RAS/KRAS mutations.
Purpose Of The Study
- To identify clinical characteristics and predictors of brain metastasis (BM) at the initial diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).
- To analyze survival outcomes in patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) and BM.
- To inform risk stratification and early detection strategies for BM in mCRC.
Main Methods
- Retrospective cohort study using the SEER database (2010-2021) of patients with mCRC and BM at diagnosis.
- Analysis included multivariate logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and Cox proportional hazards models.
- Statistical significance was determined with p-values < 0.05.
Main Results
- Brain metastasis (BM) was diagnosed in 0.92% of 24,703 mCRC patients.
- BM was more common in average-onset (≥50 years) than early-onset (<50 years) mCRC (1% vs. 0.55%, p=0.004).
- Older age, adenocarcinoma subtype, and specific racial/ethnic groups (Asian/Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native) were associated with BM. Patients with BM had significantly worse overall survival (6 months vs. 21 months, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
- Brain metastasis (BM) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is uncommon but associated with significantly reduced overall survival.
- Older age and specific racial/ethnic groups are identified as critical factors associated with BM presence.
- Enhanced awareness, screening for BM in high-risk mCRC patients, and tailored clinical trials are crucial for improving survival and quality of life.
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