A review on recent advances in g-C₃N₄-MXene nanocomposites for photocatalytic applications

The solutions for environmental remediation and renewable energy generation have intensified the exploration of efficient photocatalytic materials. Recently, the composites of g-C₃N₄and MXene have gained considerable interest for their potential applications in photocatalysis. In the g-C₃N₄-MXene composite, the g-C₃N₄possesses unique physical, chemical, and optical properties to increase visible light absorption. At the same time, MXene improves conductivity, adsorption of reactant molecules or the active sites, and charge transfer properties. Combining the unique physico-chemical properties of MXene and g-C₃N₄, the resulting composite exhibits superior photo-responsive behavior and is critical in photocatalytic reactions. Furthermore, the g-C₃N₄-MXene composite exhibits stability and recyclability, making it a promising candidate for sustainable and scalable photocatalytic material in environmental remediation. This review offers an in-depth analysis of the development and design of g-C₃N₄-MXene composites through diverse synthesis procedures and a comprehensive analysis of their application in carbon dioxide (CO₂) reduction, photocatalytic degradation, water splitting processes, mainly hydrogen (H₂) generation, H₂O₂production, N₂fixation, and NOremoval. The charge transfer mechanism of g-C₃N₄-MXene composite for photocatalytic application has also been discussed. This review provides insights into the photocatalytic capabilities of g-C₃N₄-MXene composites, showing their potential to address current environmental challenges and establish a robust foundation for sustainable energy conversion technologies.