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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
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As a phenomenon: Ramadan fasting improves olfactory performance.

Doğan Çakan1,2, Hüseyin Baki Yılmaz3, Harun Cansız1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey.

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
|September 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ramadan fasting (RF) significantly improved olfactory function, enhancing odor detection and identification, particularly for food-related smells. These findings suggest RF positively impacts the sense of smell.

Keywords:
fastingnose/physiologyolfactionolfaction disorders/diagnosisolfactory perception

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Area of Science:

  • Olfactory Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Olfactory function is crucial for quality of life, influencing nutrition and safety.
  • The impact of intermittent fasting, such as Ramadan fasting (RF), on sensory perception remains an area of active investigation.
  • Understanding how RF affects olfaction can provide insights into physiological adaptations during fasting periods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of Ramadan fasting (RF) on olfactory function, specifically odor threshold and identification.
  • To assess changes in olfactory performance before, during, and after the fasting period.
  • To determine if Ramadan fasting leads to significant alterations in the ability to detect and identify odors.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 62 participants undergoing Ramadan fasting.
  • Olfactory function assessed using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test at baseline, day 1, and day 30 of RF.
  • Measurements included odor threshold, odor identification, and identification of food-related odors. Body weight was also monitored.

Main Results:

  • No significant changes in body weight were observed during Ramadan fasting.
  • Significant improvements were found in butanol odor thresholds, general odor identification, and food-related odor identification scores (p < 0.05).
  • The number of normosmic individuals increased significantly by day 30 of RF compared to baseline and day 1 (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Ramadan fasting significantly enhances olfactory detection thresholds and odor identification capabilities.
  • The study demonstrates an improvement in the identification of food-related odors following RF.
  • The findings suggest that Ramadan fasting positively impacts and improves overall olfactory performance.