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Ketamine in dogs.

S C Haskins, T B Farver, J D Patz

    American Journal of Veterinary Research
    |September 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Ketamine administration in dogs caused significant cardiopulmonary changes, including increased heart rate and blood pressure, alongside transient respiratory effects. While effective for short anesthesia, it produced notable muscle activity and salivation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Anesthesiology
    • Cardiopulmonary Physiology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Ketamine is a widely used anesthetic agent in veterinary medicine.
    • Understanding its cardiopulmonary effects is crucial for safe clinical application.
    • Limited data exists on the comprehensive cardiopulmonary impact of ketamine in dogs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the cardiopulmonary consequences of ketamine administration in dogs.
    • To assess the impact of ketamine on vital physiological parameters.
    • To determine the duration of action and side effects of ketamine for surgical anesthesia.

    Main Methods:

    • Ketamine was administered intravenously at a dose of 10 mg/kg to 18 dogs.
    • Cardiopulmonary parameters including heart rate, cardiac output, blood pressure, and respiratory variables were monitored.

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  • Oxygen transport, consumption, carbon dioxide production, and core temperature were also assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant increases were observed in heart rate, cardiac output, systemic blood pressure, left ventricular work, oxygen transport, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and core temperature.
    • Transient decreases in breathing rate, minute ventilation, and arterial partial pressure of oxygen were noted.
    • Arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, and venous admixture showed transient increases.
    • The anesthetic duration was short, with prominent side effects such as excessive muscle tone, salivation, and spontaneous muscular activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Ketamine at 10 mg/kg IV induces significant, albeit transient, cardiopulmonary alterations in dogs.
    • While providing short-acting anesthesia, ketamine is associated with undesirable side effects like muscle hyperactivity and excessive salivation.
    • Further research may be warranted to mitigate these side effects for improved anesthetic protocols in veterinary practice.