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Label-free high-throughput impedance-activated cell sorting.

Kui Zhang1,2, Ziyang Xia1,2, Yiming Wang1,2,3

  • 1Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China. bqli@ustc.edu.cn.

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This study introduces a novel label-free cell sorting system using impedance detection. It achieves high-throughput and high-accuracy cell sorting, crucial for applications like cancer diagnosis and drug screening.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Label-free single-cell sorting is essential for various biological applications, including early cancer detection and drug screening.
  • Current methods face challenges in achieving both high-throughput and high purity without cell labeling.
  • Impedance detection offers a promising label-free approach for cell analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a label-free, high-throughput, and high-accuracy impedance-activated cell sorting system.
  • To leverage Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology for real-time impedance detection and precise sort-timing prediction.
  • To demonstrate the system's effectiveness in sorting different cell types with high purity.

Main Methods:

  • A novel cell sorting system integrating impedance detection and dual membrane pumps was designed.
  • Real-time dual-frequency single-cell impedance detection was performed using FPGA for low-latency processing.
  • FPGA-based high-precision sort-timing prediction enabled label-free, high-throughput single-particle sorting.

Main Results:

  • The system achieved high-throughput impedance detection at 5 × 10^4 cells/s for HeLa, MDA-MB-231, and Jurkat cells.
  • Label-free single-particle sorting demonstrated low latency (<0.3 ms), high throughput (1000 particles/s), and high accuracy (~99%).
  • Sorting Jurkat and MDA-MB-231 cells increased purity from 28.57% to 97.09% at a throughput of 1000 cells/s.

Conclusions:

  • The developed impedance-activated cell sorting system effectively addresses the limitations of current label-free sorting techniques.
  • The system's high-throughput and high-accuracy performance shows significant potential for diverse applications in cell biology and clinical diagnostics.
  • This technology offers a promising solution for advancing fields requiring precise and efficient cell separation.