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Life-course obesity and heart failure: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.
Haili Wang1,2, Jie Min3,2, Lei Zhong3,2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China.
Internal and Emergency Medicine
|September 24, 2024
Summary
Obesity at all life stages, including childhood obesity, significantly increases heart failure risk. Early weight management is crucial for public health and clinical interventions to reduce heart failure incidence.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Public Health
Background:
- Heart failure is a complex syndrome with obesity as a key modifiable risk factor.
- Understanding the causal relationship between obesity across different life stages and heart failure is critical for prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal association between obesity, encompassing various life stages, and the risk of developing heart failure.
- To leverage Mendelian randomization to assess the impact of genetic predisposition to obesity on heart failure incidence.
Main Methods:
- A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was employed.
- Utilized heart failure data from the 2023 Finngen database and obesity genetic predictors from the IEU OpenGWAS project.
- Applied inverse-variance weighting (IVW) and other MR methods, with sensitivity analyses including Cochran's Q test and MR-Egger intercept for heterogeneity and pleiotropy assessment.
Main Results:
- Significant associations were found between birth weight, childhood body mass index (BMI), childhood obesity, and increased heart failure risk.
- Adult BMI (sex-combined) showed a strong positive correlation with heart failure risk (OR 2.365, P < 1.91E-57).
- Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, with no significant horizontal pleiotropy detected.
Conclusions:
- Obesity, from birth weight to adulthood, is causally linked to a higher risk of heart failure.
- Childhood obesity is a significant predictor of future heart failure.
- Emphasizes the necessity of early weight management interventions to mitigate heart failure prevalence.
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