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Is Starch Intake Associated With Periodontal Status? An 11-Year Longitudinal Analysis Among Finnish Adults
F H Jangda1, A L Suominen2,3,4, A Lundqvist4
1Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|September 24, 2024
Summary
This study found no link between overall starch intake and changes in periodontal health over 11 years. However, higher whole grain consumption at baseline was linked to better periodontal status initially.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Periodontal diseases are a significant public health concern.
- Dietary factors, including starch intake, may influence periodontal status.
- Longitudinal data on starch intake and periodontal health changes are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between baseline starch intake (total amount and food sources) and the progression of periodontal status over an 11-year period in adults.
- To determine if specific starch-containing food groups impact periodontal health changes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Finnish Health 2000 survey, including baseline (2000) and follow-up (2004/2005, 2011) examinations of 1369 adults (aged 30-82).
- Assessed baseline starch intake (total and from potatoes, fried potatoes, roots/tubers, pasta, whole grains, legumes) using a validated food frequency questionnaire.
- Measured periodontal status by recording the number of teeth with periodontal pocketing ≥ 4mm (NTPP) at each examination wave.
- Employed mixed-effects negative binomial regression models to analyze the association between baseline starch intake and 11-year changes in NTPP, adjusting for covariates.
Main Results:
- Overall baseline starch intake (grams/day or % energy) was not significantly associated with changes in the number of teeth with periodontal pocketing (NTPP) over 11 years.
- Higher baseline intake of whole grains showed a negative association with NTPP at the baseline examination, indicating better periodontal status.
- No significant association was found between baseline intake of other starch sources (potatoes, pasta, legumes) and changes in periodontal status.
Conclusions:
- No evidence supports an association between overall baseline starch consumption and the progression of periodontal disease over 11 years.
- Baseline whole grain intake is associated with better periodontal status at the study's outset.
- Dietary recommendations for periodontal health may benefit from emphasizing whole grains over total starch intake.
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