Age Difference in the Connection Between Systemic Inflammatory Response and Metabolic Syndrome

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Systemic inflammation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in metabolic syndrome (MetS).
• Understanding the relationship between inflammatory markers and MetS across diverse populations is crucial for public health.
• Current research lacks targeted recommendations for different age demographics regarding inflammation and MetS.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and metabolic syndrome (MetS).
• To explore how this association varies across different adult age groups.
• To provide a basis for developing age-specific recommendations for managing MetS risk.

Main Methods:

• Utilized data from 15,959 adults (2001-2018 NHANES), with 6739 diagnosed with MetS.
• Analyzed the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) by dividing it into quartiles.
• Employed Kruskal-Wallis, weighted chi-square, multivariable logistic regression, subgroup, sensitivity analyses, and restricted cubic splines.

Main Results:

• A significant quantitative association was found between SII and MetS (OR = 1.56, P < .001).
• Elevated SII independently predicted all five components of MetS.
• The association was significant in adults aged 18-65 but not in the elderly; an inverted U-shaped curve was observed.

Conclusions:

• The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a significant predictor of MetS in younger and middle-aged adults.
• Age-related differences in inflammatory mechanisms influencing MetS require further investigation.
• Findings support the development of targeted strategies for MetS prevention based on inflammatory profiles and age.