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[Biosafety risks, control, and biocontainment of engineered microalgae].

Jin Wang1,2,3, Xinyu Song1,2,3,4, Lei Chen1,2,3

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Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology
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Engineered microalgae offer great potential but pose ecological risks. Developing robust biocontainment systems is crucial for safe application of these photosynthetic cell factories.

Keywords:
biocontainmentbiosafetycutting-edge biotechnologiesengineered microalgaerisk management

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology
  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Microalgae are powerful photosynthetic organisms capable of converting CO2 into valuable organic compounds.
  • Advances in synthetic biology and genome editing have expanded microalgae applications across medicine, agriculture, food, energy, and environmental sectors.
  • The release of engineered microalgae into natural environments presents potential ecological and health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of cutting-edge biotechnologies in microalgae engineering.
  • To assess the biosafety risks and regulatory frameworks concerning engineered microalgae.
  • To summarize progress in developing novel biocontainment technologies for engineered microalgae.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on microalgae engineering and synthetic biology.
  • Analysis of biosafety concerns and existing management regulations.
  • Examination of various biocontainment strategies, including kill switches and auxotrophic strains.

Main Results:

  • Synthetic biology and genome editing enable diverse applications of engineered microalgae.
  • Engineered microalgae pose risks of environmental persistence and ecosystem disruption.
  • Biocontainment strategies, such as kill switches and nutritional deficiencies, are being developed to mitigate risks.

Conclusions:

  • Effective biocontainment is essential for the safe and responsible deployment of engineered microalgae.
  • Further research into advanced biocontainment technologies is needed.
  • Development of comprehensive biosafety policies and regulations is critical for managing engineered microalgae.