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Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution

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Adaptation to mountain γ-background: bacteria speciation.

Victoria L Korogodina¹, Valeri B Arakelyan^2,3, Ashot A Chilingarian⁴

¹Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, RF.

International Journal of Radiation Biology

|September 25, 2024

Summary

Bacteria adapt to natural and nuclear radiation by altering their radioresistance and speciation. Gamma rays from rocks may trigger epigenetic changes influencing bacterial genome expression and variability.

Keywords:

Climate change bacteria epigenetic mechanisms human-generated radiation migration mountains natural radiation rodent accumulation speciation γ-background

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Environmental Science
Radiation Biology

Background:

Natural gamma radiation in mountain landscapes and anthropogenic emissions from nuclear power plants create unique environmental conditions.
Understanding microbial adaptation to varying radiation levels is crucial for environmental and health assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate bacterial adaptation mechanisms in response to natural gamma radiation and nuclear power plant emissions.
To identify key factors driving bacterial variability and speciation under different radiation exposures.

Main Methods:

Review of existing data on radiation backgrounds and their effects on organisms.
Calculation of absorbed radiation doses in microbes from geological sources.

Main Results:

Bacteria exhibit changes in mortality, reproduction rates, and radioresistance.
Speciation and variability of bacterial populations are observed under fluctuating low-level radiation conditions.

Conclusions:

The study suggests gamma radiation from rocks can activate epigenetic mechanisms in bacteria.
These activated mechanisms potentially regulate genome expression, signaling pathways, and ultimately bacterial variability, warranting further investigation.