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Forensic Obstetrics and Clinical Risk Factors.
Dubravko Habek1, Vedrana Petrovečki2, Anis Cerovac3
1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Hospital "Merkur" Zagreb, Croatian Academy of Medical Sciences Zagreb, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia.
Forensic obstetrics examines risk factors in adverse perinatal events to distinguish complications from malpractice. Improving obstetric awareness and professionalism is crucial for patient and newborn safety.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Medicine
- Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Medical Law
Background:
- Forensic obstetrics is critical due to professional, legal, public health, and socio-emotional aspects.
- Modern obstetrics must address current problems impacting forensic obstetrics, not just perinatal disease.
- High-risk obstetrics presents significant medico-legal challenges requiring a comprehensive perinatal view.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the role of risk factors in adverse obstetric outcomes.
- To differentiate between obstetric complications and malpractice.
- To emphasize the importance of monitoring perinatal and infant morbidity for quality and risk control.
Main Methods:
- Review of medico-legal principles in obstetrics.
- Analysis of risk factors (iatrogenic, maternal, fetoneonatal) in adverse events.
- Assessment of current obstetric practices and their medico-legal implications.
Main Results:
- Forensic obstetrics assesses risk factor impact to identify malpractice versus complications.
- Global perinatal malpractice rates remain high, linked to increased C-sections without clear indications.
- Disproportion between iatrogenic and maternal-fetoneonatal risks is a primary cause of litigation.
Conclusions:
- Enhanced obstetric awareness, professionalism, and adherence to bioethical norms are vital.
- Continuous training and adherence to clinical practice, guidelines, and laws are necessary.
- Reducing the imbalance between iatrogenic and maternal-fetoneonatal risks is essential for minimizing litigation.
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