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Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Does Not Increase the Risk for a Future Concussion: A Unidirectional Phenomenon
April L McPherson1,2,3,4, Dirk R Larson5, Matthew B Shirley6,7
1Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
This study found no increased risk of concussion after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. These findings suggest that concussions uniquely increase the risk of future musculoskeletal injuries.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Neurology
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Concussion is linked to higher musculoskeletal injury risk.
- Research has not yet determined if anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury increases concussion risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the reverse relationship: whether ACL injury increases subsequent concussion risk.
- To analyze a population-based cohort for associations between ACL tears and concussions.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study using the Rochester Epidemiology Project (2000-2017).
- Identified 1294 patients with acute, isolated ACL tears and matched them to 3882 controls without ACL tears.
- Reviewed medical records to confirm diagnoses and track concussion occurrences post-ACL injury.
Main Results:
- Nine ACL-injured patients (0.7%) experienced concussion within 3 years.
- Concussion rates did not differ significantly between ACL-injured patients (0.7%) and controls (1.2%).
- Hazard ratio for concussion after ACL injury was 0.55 (95% CI, 0.3-1.1; P = .10).
Conclusions:
- No significant association found between ACL injury and subsequent concussion.
- Evidence suggests concussion uniquely elevates the risk of future musculoskeletal injuries.
- Further research may clarify the complex relationship between these injuries.
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