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Cumulative ADHD medication use and risk of type 2 diabetes in adults: a Swedish Register study
Zihan Dong1, Le Zhang2, Lin Li2
1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden zihan.dong@ki.se Zheng.Chang@ki.se.
Background:
Little is known about the impact of cumulative attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication use on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Objective:
The objective is to examine the association between cumulative use of ADHD medication and risk of incident T2D.
Methods:
A nested case-control study was conducted in a national cohort of individuals aged 18-70 years with incident ADHD (n=138 778) between 2007 and 2020 through Swedish registers. Individuals with incident T2D after ADHD were selected as cases (n=2355) and matched with up to five controls (n=11 681) on age at baseline, sex and birth year. Conditional logistic regression models examined the association between cumulative duration of ADHD medication use and T2D.
Findings:
Compared with no use, a decreased risk of T2D was observed for those on cumulative use of ADHD medications up to 3 years (ORs: 0
Conclusion:
Cumulative use of ADHD medication does not increase the risk for T2D, with the exception of long-term use of atomoxetine.
Clinical Implications:
Findings suggest that clinicians should be aware of the potential risk of T2D associated with the cumulative use of atomoxetine among patients with ADHD; however, further replication is strongly needed.
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