[Analysis of Spatial Distribution of Ecosystem Services and Driving Factors in Northeast China]

Northeast China is an important ecological barrier in China, and an in-depth understanding of the spatial distribution in ecosystem services （ESs）, and the driving factors is crucial for realizing the subsequent management and protection of ESs. In the study, we quantitatively assessed the characteristics of spatial distribution in ESs in Northeastern China using the InVEST, RWEQ, and RUSLE models and identified the driving factors of ESs spatial distribution in conjunction with the geodetector based on meteorological data, remote sensing data, and socio-economic data. The results showed that the spatial distribution of ESs in Northeast China had obvious spatial heterogeneity. The high values of habitat quality （HQ）, carbon sequestration （CS） services, and soil conservation （SC） services were mainly distributed in the northern part of the four eastern leagues of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the northern part of Heilongjiang Province, and the eastern part of Northeast China, which were high in fraction vegetation cover, and low values were mainly found in southwestern and eastern Heilongjiang Province, western Jilin Province, and western Liaoning Province. The high values of the water yield （WY） service and wind prevention and sand fixation （WPSF） service were distributed in the east of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the east of Liaoning Province. The high values of WY services and WPSF services were distributed in the eastern part of Northeast China and the four eastern provinces of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. According to the geodetector results, slope had the strongest explanatory power for the spatial distribution of SC services with a q-value of 0.31, land use/cover change had the strongest explanatory power for the spatial distribution of HQ and CS services with q-values of 0.64 and 0.52, respectively, and fraction vegetation coverage and annual precipitation had the strongest explanatory power for the spatial distribution of WPSF and WY services with q-values of 0.24 and 0.64, respectively, and there were interactions among all the driving factors. The spatial distribution of ESs in Northeast China was mainly influenced by natural factors. The results will provide a scientific basis for subsequent management and enhancement of ESs in Northeast China.