Object Motion Detection Enabled by Reconfigurable Neuromorphic Vision Sensor under Ferroelectric Modulation

Increasing the demand for object motion detection (OMD) requires shifts of reducing redundancy, heightened power efficiency, and precise programming capabilities to ensure consistency and accuracy. Drawing inspiration from object motion-sensitive ganglion cells, we propose an OMD vision sensor with a simple device structure of a WSe₂ homojunction modulated by a ferroelectric copolymer. Under optical mode and intermediate ferroelectric modulation, the vision sensor can generate progressive and bidirectional photocurrents with discrete multistates under zero power consumption. This design enables reconfigurable devices to emulate long-term potentiation and depression for synaptic weights updating, which exhibit 82 states (more than 6 bits) with a uniform step of 6 pA. Such OMD devices also demonstrate nonvolatility, reversibility, symmetry, and ultrahigh linearity, achieving a fitted R² of 0.999 and nonlinearity values of 0.01/-0.01. Thus, a vision sensor could implement motion detection by sensing only dynamic information based on the brightness difference between frames, while eliminating redundant data from static scenes. Additionally, the neural network utilizing a linear result can recognize the essential moving information with a high recognition accuracy of 96.8%. We also present the scalable potential via a uniform 3 × 3 neuromorphic vision sensor array. Our work offers a platform to achieve motion detection based on controllable and energy-efficient ferroelectric programmability.