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Surveying Low-Cost Methods to Measure Lifespan and Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Daily Limited Future Time Perspective Is Associated With More Health Behavior Within Older Adults.

Kyrsten C Hill¹, Mathias Allemand², Patrick Hill¹

¹Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences

|September 26, 2024

Summary

Older adults engaged in healthier behaviors on days they felt they had less time in the future. This daily future time perspective (FTP) shift suggests a motivation to improve health when time feels limited.

Keywords:

Daily diary Healthy lifestyle Time horizon Within-person variability

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Behavioral Science
Health Psychology

Background:

Cross-sectional studies link broader future time perspective (FTP) to healthier lifestyle choices.
The daily-level association between FTP and health behavior remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the within- and between-person relationship between daily FTP and daily health behavior in older adults.
To examine how daily fluctuations in FTP influence health behaviors such as nutrition, exercise, and social activities.

Main Methods:

Utilized 14-day daily diary data from 198 adults aged 60+.
Assessed daily future time perspective (FTP) and daily health behaviors (nutrition, exercise, social/leisure).
Employed multilevel modeling to analyze within-person and between-person associations.

Main Results:

Daily FTP was significantly associated with daily health behavior at the within-person level.
Contrary to previous findings, individuals engaged in more health behaviors on days with a more limited FTP.
No significant association was found at the between-person level.

Conclusions:

Daily fluctuations in FTP are crucial for understanding its relationship with health behavior.
A limited daily FTP may motivate older adults to engage in healthier activities to extend their perceived future.
Future research should consider the dynamic interplay between daily time perspective and health behaviors.