The role and mechanism of various trace elements in atherosclerosis

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Science
• Nutritional Biochemistry
• Trace Element Metabolism

Background:

• Atherosclerosis is a complex disease influenced by lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and thrombosis.
• Trace elements, particularly metals, are vital for organ function and metabolic processes.
• Emerging research highlights a significant link between trace element status and atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the roles of iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, and selenium in atherosclerosis.
• To elucidate the mechanisms by which trace element imbalance affects atherosclerosis.
• To identify potential therapeutic strategies targeting trace elements for atherosclerosis treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on trace elements and atherosclerosis.
• Analysis of mechanisms involving homeostasis and imbalance of key trace elements.
• Synthesis of current knowledge on trace element roles in disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

• Homeostasis and imbalance of iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, and selenium are implicated in atherosclerosis.
• Specific mechanisms include effects on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
• Disruptions in these trace elements can initiate or accelerate atherosclerotic processes.

Conclusions:

• Trace element dysregulation is a significant factor in atherosclerosis development.
• Understanding these mechanisms provides a basis for novel therapeutic interventions.
• Targeting trace element balance may offer new strategies for managing atherosclerosis.