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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Inhibitory control and working memory using saccadic eye movements in primary glaucoma.

Priyanka Maniarasu1, Neetha I R Kuzhuppilly2, Vijaya Pai H2

  • 1Department of Optometry, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
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Summary

Glaucoma affects cognitive functions like inhibitory control and working memory. Eye movement analysis reveals these executive function deficits in glaucoma patients, impacting daily life.

Keywords:
Eye movementsInhibitory controlPrimary glaucomaSaccadesWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy impacting daily activities.
  • Neuroimaging suggests cortical and subcortical changes in glaucoma, affecting cognition and oculomotor control.
  • Executive functions, including attention and planning, are vital for daily tasks and are impaired in glaucoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate executive functions, specifically inhibitory control (IC) and working memory (WM), in glaucoma patients versus controls.
  • To utilize eye movement tasks to assess IC and WM in glaucoma.
  • To explore the relationship between glaucoma and cognitive deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Employed four executive function-sensitive tasks: antisaccade, memory-guided prosaccade and antisaccade, and Go-NoGo.
  • Assessed saccadic eye movement parameters during a prosaccade task (control condition).
  • Compared eye movement data between individuals with glaucoma and age-matched controls.

Main Results:

  • Glaucoma is associated with demonstrable changes in both inhibitory control and working memory.
  • Increased anticipatory saccadic errors suggest inhibitory deficiencies in glaucoma.
  • Elevated omission errors in the antisaccade task may indicate impaired working memory regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Glaucoma is linked to significant deficits in executive functions, particularly inhibitory control and working memory.
  • Eye movement abnormalities provide objective evidence of these cognitive impairments in glaucoma.
  • Findings support the involvement of cognitive decline in the pathophysiology of glaucoma.