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Related Concept Videos

Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Author Spotlight: Importance of Single Cell Sorting in Isolating Purified Populations of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Heterogeneity in Dental Tissue-Derived MSCs Revealed by Single-Cell RNA-seq.

C Behm1, O Miłek1, K Schwarz1

  • 1Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Dental Research
|September 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from dental tissues show limited variability between tissues and donors. Understanding these differences at a single-cell level is key for effective cell-based therapies.

Keywords:
gene expression analysisgingivamesenchymal stromal cellsperiodontal ligamentsingle-cell analysistranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising for treating degenerative and inflammatory diseases.
  • MSC heterogeneity from tissue and donor variations limits therapeutic use.
  • Single-cell transcriptomics is crucial for understanding MSC diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tissue-specific and donor-specific transcriptomic variability in MSCs from periodontal ligament (PDL) and gingiva.
  • To identify distinct MSC subpopulations within dental tissues.
  • To assess the impact of tissue origin and individual donors on MSC characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and in vitro culture of MSCs from PDL and gingiva of 5 healthy individuals.
  • Single-cell mRNA sequencing of 3,844 transcriptomes.
  • Bioinformatic analysis including clustering, gene/pathway enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identification of PDL- and gingiva-specific and tissue-spanning MSC subpopulations.
  • Limited differences in cellular processes between tissue-specific MSC subpopulations.
  • Significant but restricted donor-to-donor variability observed in MSC transcriptomes.

Conclusions:

  • Dental tissue-derived MSCs exhibit both tissue- and donor-specific transcriptomic variations, primarily affecting specific cellular processes.
  • Distinct MSC subpopulations exist within dental tissues, highlighting intercellular differences.
  • Controlling MSC properties at a single-cell level is recommended before transplantation for therapeutic applications.