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Aerobic exercise elevates perceived appetite but does not modify energy intake over a 3-day postexercise period: A
Tetsuro E Okada1, Stewart Jeromson2, Scott Rathwell1
1Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
Physiological Reports
|September 27, 2024
Summary
A single exercise session does not significantly alter energy intake over three days, despite temporary hormonal changes. This suggests moderate exercise is unlikely to disrupt short-term energy balance in healthy adults.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Nutritional Science
- Human Metabolism
Background:
- Understanding the prolonged effects of exercise on energy intake is crucial for managing body weight.
- Previous research indicates limited short-term energy compensation following exercise.
- Accurate measurement of free-living energy intake presents a significant methodological challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the 3-day impact of a single exercise session on energy intake using a controlled meal replacement method.
- To assess the influence of exercise on appetite-regulating hormones and subjective appetite over a 3-day period.
- To determine if acute exercise alters overall energy balance in healthy individuals.
Main Methods:
- A randomized, crossover study involving 14 participants (8 male, 6 female).
- Participants completed two 75-minute trials: moderate-to-vigorous exercise (EX) and a sedentary control (SED).
- Energy intake was assessed via exclusive ad libitum consumption of a meal replacement beverage for 3 days post-trial, alongside hormonal and subjective appetite measures.
Main Results:
- Exercise transiently suppressed acyl-ghrelin and elevated GDF-15, hormones involved in appetite regulation.
- Despite acute hormonal shifts, overall perceived appetite was elevated during the 3-day post-exercise period.
- No significant increase in total energy intake or changes in physical activity patterns were observed over the 3 days.
Conclusions:
- A single bout of moderate-to-vigorous exercise does not lead to increased energy intake over the subsequent 3 days.
- Acute exercise-induced hormonal changes do not appear to disrupt short-term energy balance in healthy individuals.
- The findings suggest that one session of exercise is unlikely to negatively impact energy balance over a 3-day period.
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