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Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube High-Frequency Nanoelectronic Biosensor for Sensing in High Ionic Strength Solutions

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Optimization of Nanowell-Based Label-Free Impedance Biosensor Based on Different Nanowell Structures.

Ali Fardoost¹, Hassan Raji¹, Mehdi Javanmard¹

¹Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.

|September 27, 2024

Summary

New tube-shaped nanowells significantly improve biosensor fabrication efficiency and sensitivity for detecting cancer biomarkers like interleukin-6 (IL-6). This advancement offers a promising alternative to traditional methods.

Keywords:

IL-6 protein cancer biomarker impedance-based biosensor label-free biosensor nanowells sensitivity

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Nanotechnology
Biosensor Technology

Background:

Label-free biosensors offer advantages in sensitivity and simplicity for detecting cancer biomarkers.
Conventional nanowell fabrication faces limitations in efficiency due to photolithography, historically using 2 μm diameters.
Improving nanowell design is crucial for enhancing biosensor performance and manufacturability.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate alternative nanowell geometries (tube, spiral, quatrefoil) for improved biosensor fabrication efficiency and sensitivity.
To compare the performance of novel nanowell shapes against traditional circular designs.
To enhance the detection capabilities for macromolecules like interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Main Methods:

Fabrication of nanowell arrays with tube, spiral, and quatrefoil geometries.
Impedance measurements conducted at 10-minute intervals using a lock-in amplifier.
Detection of interleukin-6 (IL-6) protein using specific antibodies and antigens at 100 nM concentration.

Main Results:

Tube-shaped nanowells demonstrated the highest sensitivity for IL-6 detection, showing a 9.55% impedance change.
Spiral and quatrefoil geometries yielded lower impedance changes (0.91% and 0.95%, respectively).
Conventional circular nanowells showed a 1.62% impedance change, significantly less than the tube design.

Conclusions:

Tube-shaped nanowells represent a promising advancement over conventional designs for biosensor applications.
The novel geometries enhance fabrication efficiency and significantly improve sensitivity in detecting cancer biomarkers.
This research paves the way for more efficient and sensitive biosensor development.