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Language Statistics at Different Spatial, Temporal, and Grammatical Scales.

Fernanda Sánchez-Puig1,2,3, Rogelio Lozano-Aranda1,2, Dante Pérez-Méndez2,4

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzed English and Spanish on Twitter, finding word patterns (ngrams) vary most with grammar complexity. Rank diversity shows universal trends but national and temporal factors influence language use.

Keywords:
Twittercomplexitygeolocalizationlanguage modelsngramsrank diversityscaling lawsstatistics

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Linguistics
  • Quantitative Linguistics
  • Sociolinguistics

Background:

  • The availability of large datasets has propelled statistical linguistics.
  • Twitter data offers a rich resource for analyzing real-time language use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate rank diversity in English and Spanish using Twitter data.
  • To examine the influence of temporal, spatial, and grammatical scales on language variation.
  • To quantify universal language statistics and identify sources of variation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Twitter data from 2014 across eight countries.
  • Investigation of word ngrams (1-grams to 5-grams) across temporal (3-96h) and spatial (3km-3000km) scales.
  • Examination of rank diversity curves and statistical properties of Twitter-specific tokens (emojis, hashtags, mentions).

Main Results:

  • Rank diversity shows similarity at the 1-gram level across languages, countries, and scales.
  • Increased grammatical complexity (higher ngrams) leads to more pronounced variations influenced by temporal, spatial, linguistic, and national factors.
  • Twitter-specific tokens exhibit a sigmoid pattern in their rank diversity function.

Conclusions:

  • Grammatical scale is a key driver of language rank diversity variation.
  • While universal patterns exist, language use on Twitter is shaped by context (time, location, nationality).
  • The study quantifies language statistics and highlights factors influencing linguistic diversity in digital communication.